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    A divergent perspective analysis on the characteristics of an excellent nurse teacher using Q methodology
    (Philippine Journal of Nursing, 2009) Biag, Al
    The objective of this study was to describe the divergent perspectives on the characteristics of an excellent nurse teacher among undergraduate nursing students. Q methodology was used as a method and a tool to examine the diversity of responses regarding what constitutes excellent teaching in nursing. Thirty-five (35) undergraduate nursing students ranked each item in a set of 41 statements (Q sample) using a 9-point scale that ranges from -4 (most uncharacteristic) to +4 (most characteristic). The Q statement rankings generated by the participants were factor analyzed using the centroid method and varimax rotation. The analysis yielded five factors representing viewpoints of five clusters of undergraduate nursing students. Each of these groups identified an excellent nurse teacher as someone with professional treatment to learning and the learner, efficient organization and management of learning, high regard to growth and expansion of knowledge, reasonable evaluation practices, and encouraging demeanor towards students. The five viewpoints about an excellent nurse teacher described a nomenclature of ideas that is distinct yet related to the usual ideas about good teaching in nursing.
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    A study on health and hygiene needs, strategies, and well‐being of an Aeta indigenous community in the Philippines through photovoice methods
    (Asian Social Work and Policy Review, 2020) Eun-Mi Yang; Jwakyum Kim; Biag, Al; Mangulabnan, Jefferson; Dela Cruz, Arlan; Sarmiento, Philip Joseph
    On a global scale, poor access to health and social welfare services for indigenous populations has threatened their overall well‐being, especially those living in remote or peripheral areas. Academics from two higher education institutions in South Korea and the Philippines conducted a community‐based research in an indigenous Aeta community in the highlands of Pampanga Province in the Philippines’ Central Luzon region. Using a photovoice method and community survey, they investigated family health and hygiene as well as the current strategies this indigenous community employs to address their concerns. Results revealed that the community lacks the basic human needs and services such as water, food, shelter, education, and health service. They demonstrated, however, resilience in managing their lives by making use of the available natural resources and by drawing strength from community spirit. This study provided insights on how higher education institutions and other concerned agencies craft initiatives intended to benefit vulnerable populations and underserved communities such as the indigenous peoples.
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    Coping with menopause -Measures that women can take
    (Enfermeria Clinica, 2020-07-15) Borrico, Carlo Bryan ; Borrico, Leonardo ; Borrico, Corazon
    During menopause, there is a hormonal imbalance that would lead to variety of menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, weight gain, changes in the body shape, hair loss, hair becomes grayer and coarse, decreased elasticity of the skin, thinning of lining and dryness in the vagina, breast discomfort and urinary incontinence. These menopausal symptoms cause concern and discomfort for these women. It also affects their quality of life. The study aimed to explore the women’s sense of body during their midlife years. A phenomenological-heuristic research design used in the study. Eight informants willingly participated in the study under an informal, semi-structured interview with the main question, ‘‘What are your experiences during midlife?’’ and ‘‘How did those experiences happened?’’ The transcribed verbatim were analyzed through the use of Moustakas method. The study revealed 7 main themes: (1) ‘‘I’ve changed. . .’’ (2) ‘‘What is bothering me?’’ (3) Looking back into the windows of the past (4) my weapons for my battle (5) Metamorphosis: A new conquest (6) Dreams: The paramount of my life. The study reflected the entirety of the participant’s experiences. This study has shown that living the experience of wellness at menopause can accommodate the experience of change or symptoms. In this way the experience of menopausal change is not disruptive to the woman’s continuity of experience, she continues to feel well and to do all the things she wants to do. Further recommendations are needed to enhance the understanding of the lived experience of women regarding their sense of body at midlife.
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    Development and psychometric analysis of a strengths perspective-based instrument on clinical instruction in nursing
    (Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 2014) Biag, Al
    Strengths perspective in social work can be translated into nursing. There are, however, few references to the perspective in the nursing literature. Thus the purpose of this study was to add to the evidence of strengths perspectives as applied in nursing. Specifically, it aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of an instrument designed to measure strengths perspective in clinical instruction. A methodological design guided the study. A purposive of 376 clinical instructors from select colleges of nursing in Central Luzon region in the Philippines accomplished the 39-item 5-level Likert scale. Construct validation revealed a three-factor (fostering reciprocity, initiating applicability, and identifying development areas) solution that accounted 39.43% of the variance. The index of internal consistency was .941. The results of factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha demonstrated adequate evidence of validity and reliability. The final 34-item instrument, Clinical Instructor’s Strengths Perspective Inventory, can be used as a scale representing self-reported application of the concept in clinical instruction.
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    Development and Psychometric Testing of a Self-Rated Scale Based on National Nursing Core Competency Standards
    (Springer Publishing Company, 2022-03-01) Biag, Al; Belen, Vanessa
    Background and Purpose The objectives of this study were to develop a National Nursing Core Competency Standards (NNCCS)-based instrument and determine its construct validity and internal consistency reliability. Methods A methodologic research design was used to validate the 59-item scale based on the responses of 600 nurses. The scale items were culled from the client care, leadership and management, and research competencies identified in the NNCCS. Results The results of the analyses confirmed 53 items and gave rise to a five-factor solution. The five dimensions are leadership, management, research, ethico-legal, and strategic competencies. Conclusions The seminal psychometric testing provided an evidence of acceptable validity and reliability of the proposed instrument. Further testing was recommended to accrue the psychometric soundness of the instrument.
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    Development of Framework for Clinical Nursing Research Fellowship in the Philippines
    (Philippine Journal of Nursing, 2017) Cura, Jonathan D.
    Fellowship programs serve as alternative means to bridge the gap between undergraduate education and nursing practice. The purpose of the study was to develop a framework for a Clinical Nursing Research (CNR) Fellowship Program in the Philippines. A sequential non-dominant mixed method design was used. It comprised the following: identifying the competencies needed by clinical nurses in research and EBP; the training needs of clinical nurses in research and EBP; the core competencies, functional competencies and tasks of CNR fellows; and describing potential fellows’ reactions and preferred ways of learning. Categorical analyses were done to analyze qualitative data. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze training needs and consensus agreement of experts. There were nine core competencies and 70 tasks of a CNR fellow that were distributed to the Beginner, Intermediate and Advanced Levels. Potential fellows prefer learning that is active, reflective, sequential, cooperative, guided by experts, personalized and involves use of technology. After learning the basics, they would need to learn more intensively on competencies that would help them become more capable of contributing to clinical practice. The CNR Fellowship Program framework seemed to contain contextually-relevant core competencies in clinical nursing research that are needed to augment basic nursing research education and to benefit clinical nursing practice.
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    Differing pathways to resiliency: A grounded theory study of enactment of resilience among acute care nurses
    (Nursing and Health Science, 2018) Ang, Shin Yuh ; Uthaman, Trendral ; Ayre, Tracy Carol ; Lim, Siew Hoon ; Lopez, Violeta
    It is well-recognized that nurses are exposed to high levels of stress, thus resilience has been postulated as a key trait in enabling nurses to cope successfully and remain in the profession. In this qualitative study, we used Glaser's approach to grounded theory. Nine nurses who scored low and nine nurses who scored high on the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale were recruited for one-on-one semistructured interviews of the factors contributing to their work-related stress and how they overcome these stressors. Three categories emerged from the data: outlook on work, self-efficacy, and coping responses. These categories led to the emergence of the theory “differing pathways to resiliency”. Despite the stresses experienced at work, some nurses were highly resilient, while others were not. Highly-resilient nurses tend to adopt active coping mechanisms, whereas nurses who have low resilience tend to undertake passive measures to let nature runs its course. The emerging theory provided an understanding of the different pathways to resiliency and how nurse leaders can potentially develop and grow the level of resiliency among nurses.
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    Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Further Impact Nursing Shortages?
    (Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2022) Lopez, Violeta ; Anderson, Judith ; Anderson, Judith ; Cleary, Michelle
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    Exploring the Risks of Repeated Pregnancy Among Adolescents and Young Women in the Philippines
    (Maternal and Child Health Journal, 2019-01-05) Maravilla, Joemer C. ; Betts, Kim S. ; Alati, Rosa
    Objective Knowledge of the factors which influence repeat pregnancy can inform much needed evidence-based prevention programs. This study aims to identify correlates of repeat pregnancy in the Philippines. Methods We used data from five Philippine Demographic and Health Surveys (1993–2013). A total of 4757 women 15–24 years old who had experienced ≥ 1 pregnancy were included. Individual and partner-related factors were fitted into a series of logistic regression stepwise models with deformalized survey weights. Stratified analyses using two age groups (15–19, 20–24) were also conducted. Interaction terms were included to test for statistical differences between the groups. Results Lower wealth quintiles [odds ratio (OR) 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–2.49] and partner characteristics such as age of ≥ 30 years (OR = 1.99, CI = 1.41–2.82), multiple partners (OR = 4.19, CI = 1.57–11.19) and live-in status (OR = 1.38, CI = 1.02–1.87) were found to be highly correlated with repeat pregnancy in fully adjusted analysis. Receiving prenatal care from traditional healers (OR = 1.93, CI = 1.02–3.63) during the first pregnancy and giving birth for the first time before 18 years of age (OR = 1.12, CI = 1.04–1.20) showed increased risks among 15–19 years old compared to 20–24 years old in stratified analysis. Conclusions for practice In general, partner characteristics were associated with repeat pregnancy among young women suggesting male involvement, especially older partners, in family planning. High risks for repeat pregnancy were observed among adolescent women who reported younger age at first birth and received prenatal care from a traditional healer which entail promotion of trained prenatal care. Further analysis is needed to validate these findings in other developing countries.
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    Filipinos’ health information-seeking behaviors and their implications for COVID-19 vaccination
    (Public Health Nursing, 2021) Berdida, Daniel Joseph ; Grande, Rizal Angelo ; Lopez, Violeta
    Objectives This study examined Filipinos' health information-seeking behaviors, specifically their information engagement and apprehension of getting the COVID-19 vaccine, the reasons for vaccination, and how these factors influenced their decision to get vaccinated. Design Quantitative, cross-sectional, and predictive approaches. Sample This study conducted a national online survey using convenience sampling (n = 2709). Measurement The Health Information Orientation Scale (HIOS) and Statista.com's “reasons for not getting a COVID-19 vaccination” were used to collect data. Demographic characteristics that predict information engagement and apprehension were identified using multivariate linear regression analysis. Results Responses to information engagement and apprehension revealed “often true” and “sometimes true,” respectively. The majority of participants intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. “Concerned about the vaccine's safety” is the most common reason for not getting vaccinated. Female gender, college graduate, employed, and using social media to obtain COVID-19 vaccine information were all significant predictors of information engagement and apprehension. Information engagement and apprehension were predicted by age and religion, respectively. Conclusions Policymakers should consider how people seek information regarding the COVID-19 vaccine and why some people refuse to get vaccinated. Additionally, public health nurses should educate the public about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines.
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    Generation Z undergraduate students’ resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
    (Current Psychology, 2021) Ang, Wei How Darrly ; Shorey, Shefaly ; Lopez, Violeta ; Chew, Han Shi ; Lau, Ying
    Resilience has been documented as an essential component in managing stress. However, understanding how undergraduate students with different sociodemographic characteristics perceive resilience remains understudied. This study aimed to explore how undergraduate students in one university define and build resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Students’ perception and preferences for receiving resilience training were additionally solicited. A descriptive qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted. Twenty-seven students were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide via Skype instant messaging. The thematic analysis generated five themes: resilience as enduring and withstanding; the building blocks of resilience; resilience: learning or earning; pedagogical considerations for resilience training; and a blended platform for resilience training. Participants described resilience as an enduring and withstanding trait essential for university students. Resilience can be built from intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors that enhanced resilience included desire to succeed and motivation. Extrinsic factors were relational in nature, and friends, family, teachers, and religion were found to boost resilience. Students had several recommendations in designing resilience training, and they recommended the use of a blended platform. Further, students suggested the use of videos, narratives fromresilient individuals, and using reflective practice as a pedagogy in resilience training. Future resilience training should consist of personal and interpersonal factors and should be introduced early during the academic termof students’ university life. As the COVID-19 pandemic compounds an already challenging academic climate, this study lends it findings to expand the resilience literature and develop future resilience training.
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    Genetic testing: Do cancer nurses have a role
    (Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 2018-06-04) Lopez Violeta
    Cancer care nurses are well positioned to provide specific genetic care and counseling. They are highly capable in comprehensively assessing patients and their family members for increased cancer risk, educating them about the availability of testing, making referrals for cancer genetic counseling and risk assessments, and providing follow‑up care. Knowledge in genetic testing will enable cancer nurses to integrate genomics not only into their practice and research but also into policy discussions and debates for the best interest of their patients, families, and the community.
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    Global Voices of Resilience: A Kitchen Table Conversation
    (Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2022) Calaguas, Noriel P. ; Vance, David ; Comstock, Emily ; Uja, Uzoamaka ; Caine, Vera
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    Influence of Depression on Contraceptive Use among Adolescents
    (BMJ, 2019-11-18) Maravilla, Joemer C. ; Salom, Caroline ; Betts, Kim S. ; Alati, Rosa
    Aim Despite the extensive health promotion interventions to improve contraceptive uptake among sexually active adolescents, well-informed adolescents may still undertake poor contraceptive choices due to poor mental health. This study primarily sought to examine the effect of depression in adolescence on future use of modern contraception in young adulthood. Methods We used three (i.e. 2002, 2005 and 2007) waves of the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey, which used multi-stage sample of mother-child dyads from a metropolitan area in the Philippines. In our analysis, we inlcuded a total of 453 male and nonpregnant female index children (IC) who ever had sexual activity and were not using any modern contraceptives at 18 years of age. Depression was measured when IC were approximately 18, 21 and 24 years old using the 16-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) Scale. We employed a series of multivariate logistic regression analyses to examine the longitudinal effect of depression on contraceptive use. All estimates obtained were adjusted for sex, age at first intercourse, family planning awareness, religiosity, number of past pregnancies for adolescent girls or times impregnated someone for adolescent boys, number of sexual partners, and school enrolment. Results Approximately one out of three sexually active adolescents exhibited depressive symptoms at 18 years old (CESD 10). High proportion of non-users at 21 years were observed among those with depression (91.06%) unlike those without (79.29%) at 18 years. Adjusted analyses showed a strong link between depressive symptoms and non-use of contraception. Adolescents with depressive symptoms at 18 years were approximately 3 times more likely not to use modern contraception at 21 years of ag [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=3.01; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI)= 1.44-6.23) and to consistently not use contraception at 21 and 24 years (AOR=2.91; 95% CI=1.03-8.22). Persistent depression at 21 years increased the risk of contraceptive non-use at 21 years by 3.36 times (Adjusted Risk Ratio=3.36; 95% CI=1.04-10.84). Conclusion Depressive symptoms strongly predicts young people’s decision to use modern contraception. Our study highlights the importance of early detection of depression and of addressing mental health issues to assure non-altered cognition in making contraceptive choices particularly during education and family planning counselling activities.
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    “It was like nobody cared about what I said?” Iranian women committed self‑immolation: a qualitative study Nader Aghakhani1 , Violeta Lopez2,3 , Naser
    (BMC Women's Health, 2021) Aghakhani, Nader ; Lopez, Violeta ; Parizad, Naser ; Baghaei, Rahim
    This study aimed to explore the factors and experiences of self-immolation in Iranian married women to develop prevention strategies to prevent the personal, social, and economic impacts of suicide and suicide attempts. A qualitative descriptive approach using open-ended, in-depth, face-to-face interviews was conducted in a purposive sample of 16 married Iranian women aged 16–40 years in the burn centers in Urmia city, a place in northwest Iran. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data. Three themes emerged from the data, including (1) antecedents of self-immolation, (2) suicidal ideation method, and (3) pathway to recovery. Each of these themes is supported by sub-themes.
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    Job Satisfaction, Job Stress, and Trust in Management as predictors to teacher’s Intention to quit
    (ASIA PACIFIC HIGHER EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL, 2021-12-28) Borrico, Carlo Bryan
    A cross sectional descriptive correlational research design was utilized to determine which among job satisfaction facets, job stress, and trust in management facets most contributes to employee’s job satisfaction. Through stratified sampling, 200 teachers from Pampanga were recruited and were asked to answer the Stress in General (SIG), Trust in Management, Intention to Quit, and Job Descriptive Index (JDI). Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regression were used for data analysis. As highlighted in the study, job satisfaction and job in stress did significantly predict intention to quit. This means that as teachers are job satisfied and have less stress, they are less likely to plan to intend to quit.
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    Mobile Optical Mark Recognition Application As A Non Inferior Alternative To Manual Marking For Lower And Middle Income Countries
    ( 2022-01-16) Calaguas, Noriel P. ; Consunji, Paolo Maria P.
    Marking examinations is an important but often time consuming academic support activity. This becomes even more so burdensome when educators have to mark hundreds of individual exam sheets. Over the years, mobile optical mark recognition (OMR) applicat ions have gained popularity. This study aims to analyze if there is a difference in accuracy between manual or conventional marking and a mobile OMR application. Using a quasi experimental research design, 429 exam sheets were collected and sorted into control (n=191) and exposure groups (n=238). An independent samples t test revealed that there is no statistically significant difference between the accuracy of conventional marking (M = 99.78%, SD = .11%) and marking using a mobile OMR application (M = 99.9 0, SD = .08); t(8) = 1.87, p = .10. The study can inform educational policy that would employ mobile OMR applications to reduce the time spent on marking exams and allow more time for professional development.
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    Paternal involvement of Singaporean fathers within six months postpartum: A follow-up qualitative study
    (Midwifery, 2019) Shorey, Shefaly ; Ang, Lina ; Goh, Esther ; Lopez, Violeta
    Objective: This study aims to understand paternal involvement within the six-month postpartum period to identify the challenges and needs of Singaporean fathers. Design: The study used a descriptive qualitative design. Setting and Participants: This research is a follow-up study of 50 first-time and experienced fathers who were originally interviewed in the early postpartum period. Fathers were recruited from a local public hospital in Singapore. Measurements: Individual semi-structured interviews using an interview guide were conducted at six months postpartum with the fathers. The interview recordings were transcribed and analysed using the- matic analysis. Results: Four major themes emerged from the analysis: (1) fathers’ understanding of their involvement at six months postpartum, (2) challenges of paternal involvement, (3) impact on marital relationship, and (4) needs of fathers. The respondent fathers were determined to be motivated differently during this timepoint as compared to at one week postpartum, but hindrances from work commitments and the presence of support limited paternal involvement. Strained marital relationship and sexual needs surfaced in this study. One father reported to be at risk for depression. Co-parenting practices buffered against marital dissatisfaction. Moreover, the informational needs of fathers differed at one week and six months postpartum. Key Conclusions: This follow-up study revealed that the concerns and needs of fathers continue to emerge in accordance with their infants’ growth and needs in different postpartum periods. Necessary assistance in the form of long-term follow-ups and online educational resources may be dynamic in supporting the emerging needs of fathers. Implications for practice: Healthcare professionals should engage in interventions that are dynamic in suiting fathers’ needs at different time points and cultural contexts
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    Perceived Social Support from Family, Friends and Spiritual Experiences as Correlates of Depression
    (Philippine Journal of Nursing, 2021) Catu, Louie Roy
    Depression is the origin of ill health problems in college students. It advances as one of the leading causes of mental health issues. During their college life, freshmen encounter many firsts. These include a new environment, friends, exposure to social norms and culture. The students may struggle and experience difficulty if they cannot deal with these challenges. They can become a vulnerable population. Therefore, the overall purpose of this study is to conduct a baseline assessment of college students' experiences in the university. More so, this study 1) describes the characteristics of a sample of freshmen allied medical sciences students, 2) describes the levels of perceived social support from family and friends, spiritual experiences, and depressive symptomatology among allied medical sciences freshmen; and 3) to assesses the possible association among described positive influences (spirituality, family support, peer support) to depressive symptomatology. The study utilized a cross-sectional analytic quantitative design. In selecting respondents, a consecutive sampling technique was utilized. Respondents eligible to participate included first-year full-time students in the university taking up Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN), Bachelor of Medical Technologist (BSMT), and Bachelor of Science in Radiological Technologist (BSRT). A total of 110 undergraduate students participated in the study. Most of the students were females younger than 20 years old. The overall perceived social support from family and friends yielded average scores. The higher the scores, the greater the perception of social support from family and friends. For their spirituality, it showed that participants scored lower, indicating a high level of spiritual experiences. Lastly, the depression scale yielded high scores indicating that the participants had signs of severe/major depression, as based on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scoring. The relationships between Depressive Symptoms and Perceived Social Support from Family (PSS-Family) and Friends (PSS-Friends), and Spirituality Experiences were also evaluated. It showed that Depression and PSS-Friends yielded a statistically significant relationship. However, there was no statistically significant relationship between Depression and PSS-Family. For the spirituality experiences, the test revealed that there is also a statistically significant relationship with depression. Overall, the study concludes that college life is a period of increased challenge for young allied medical health students. Their courses accompany complex and challenging responsibilities that increase tensions and anxiety. The results from these processes may cause or worsen stress when not given priority and could lead to depressive symptomatology. It was reflected that freshmen students' peer support and spiritual experiences appear to be closely associated with depressive symptomatology.
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    Predictors of Psychological Well-Being among Higher Education Students
    (Psychology, 2019) Harding, Thomas, ; Lopez, Violeta ; Klainin-Yobas, Piyanee
    This study aimed to examine the relationships among stress, protective factors and psychological well-being (PWB). A cross-sectional predictive research design was carried out. A convenience sample of 152 students was recruited from a higher education institution in New Zealand. Data were collected by using online self-reported questionnaires and analysed by descriptive statistics and path analyses (with IBM AMOS). Results showed that the hypothesised model fit well with the sample data. Resilience, mindfulness, support from family, and support from significant others were significant predictors of PWB. Furthermore, stress significantly predicted social support, resilience, self-efficacy, and mindfulness. There is the need to develop prevention interventions (e.g., a resilience-building and mindfulness interventions) for students to help them manage stress and achieve PWB.